Building Sustainability Index, Climate Resilience, Adaptation, and Beyond Resiliency and Reliability

Sustainability in the built environment is a critical aspect of global efforts to mitigate climate change and promote resilient urban development. Various green building rating systems such as LEED, USGB, ISGB, GRIHA, EDGE, and the UN Global Compact have emerged to assess and promote sustainable practices. However, inconsistencies across these frameworks hinder easy comparison and standardization of buildings rated in different systems. This paper explores the variations in evaluation methods, the necessity for normalization, and the potential development of a Building Sustainability Index (BSI) as a unified metric. Furthermore, it examines the role of energy efficiency, case studies from global rating systems, and the increasing need for climate resilience and adaptation in building design and maintenance. The study integrates the findings from the contemporary reports on building climate resilience, highlighting vulnerabilities, adaptation measures, and the role of advanced predictive modelling for extreme weather events.